Red Seal Heavy Duty Equipment Technician Practice Exam

What is the function of a differential in heavy machinery?

1. To allow for differences in wheel speed between the outer and inner wheels when turning

2. To increase fuel efficiency while operating

3. To improve the braking system efficiency

4. To adjust the engine power based on load conditions

The correct answer is: To allow for differences in wheel speed between the outer and inner wheels when turning

The differential plays a critical role in heavy machinery by allowing for differences in wheel speed between the outer and inner wheels when turning. This is essential because, during a turn, the outer wheel travels a longer distance than the inner wheel. Without a differential, both wheels would be forced to rotate at the same speed, leading to excessive tire wear, reduced maneuverability, and potential strain on the drivetrain. By enabling the wheels to rotate at different speeds, the differential contributes significantly to the machine's handling and stability, especially in conditions where sharp turns or uneven terrain are involved. This function is vital for maintaining control and improving operational efficiency in heavy equipment.